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气功百家争——从‘猫眼洞看气功’

"2019-03-11T02:56:34.000Z" admin 阅读(2258)

半个世纪以来,中国出现了一个以中医保健、养生的‘气功热潮’。这个热潮从1956年起,到2006年止,50年的‘气功热’曾让人们欣喜、着迷、发狂;也引来一批科技人员去研究、探索;气功也曾发生让人们忧虑、担心的事。当然,也让一些人对气功不屑一顾,或嗤之以鼻。

不妨把本人50年中接触到的各界人士(各界人的一部分)中,特别在闲谈聊天中他们所流露出对气功的看法、认识以及他们对气功的态度作一个简要回顾,用一两句话概括出他们所要表达的意思。也很有趣儿。所谓各界人士并不是大部分,而且是站在各自的角度去看气功。所以,用‘从猫眼洞看气功’并无贬低之意,与“瞎子摸象”有所不同。又因为‘猫眼’可以放大所看到的物体。而且,他们中的一些人已经从气功中找到了自己所需要的珍贵的东西了,有的还有了科研成果,并引起国际界的一些科技界人士们关注。

各位朋友,听听他们的声音,也许会有所悟 :

1、中医界的朋友们认为:气功是中医的精华部分,古代称之为导引,历史悠久,历代著述颇多,诸如《黄帝内经》、……无可争辩。气功就是中医的一部分。但是,中医界不喜欢气功这个名词儿,总想把气功词仍然换成导引、吐纳或者按跷,这样符合“中医身份”。

2、现代医学界(所谓西医)朋友们的看法:他们认为气功就是一种体育疗法,修炼呼吸的,是呼吸运动,练肢体活动的是形体运动,现代称其为‘医疗体育’没有什么特别的地方,也不神秘。复杂而难懂的是‘气功理论’。

3、当代临床医学界的朋友们认为:气功能保健、医疗的就是气功疗法,如同针灸疗法、推拿疗法、拔罐疗法等一样,属于民间疗法,属于理疗范畴,简便有效,没有什么神秘。

4、体育界朋友们的看法:气功、导引、吐纳、按跷,从古至今就是我们体育锻炼方法,人们喜闻乐见,古书记载很多,从马王堆出土文物可见一斑,也无可争辩。

5、武术界朋友们的看法:气功是武术的灵魂;武术是气功的外形。内练一口气,外练筋骨皮。没有气功锻炼内容难以练出高功夫、高境界。

6、科技界朋友们的看法:(分三条勉强,应归一条)

⑴ 人体科学界朋友的看法:气功是打开人体科学的一把钥匙,或敲门砖。

⑵ 边缘科学界朋友的看法:中国气功有研究价值,至少可以打开一个新的科研思路。

⑶ 特异功能研究朋友的看法:可以打开对人体潜能的重新认识和研究。

7、文化界朋友们的看法:气功属于传统文化的一部分,特别是中医药文化中针灸、推拿、气功等非药物疗法的精华部分,武侠小说写作灵感来源之一,没有气功描写难有小说作品的气势,没有气功描写也就没有蹿房越脊、飞檐走壁、钻天入地、空中飞来飞去等等,就是电影里的飞檐走壁也是靠所谓‘气功功夫’完成的。

8、表演艺术界朋友们的看法:好的歌唱家要靠丹田气拖腔,声音悠长、浑厚、悦耳。

9、舞蹈界朋友的看法:进入气功态,人体、舞蹈、境界进入状态后和二而一,舞蹈更美丽。有人称灵子术就是‘另类的艺术表演’(现在人称其为‘自发功’)

10、音乐界朋友的看法:气功与音乐结合是音乐疗法,无论演奏者、听者都会进入音乐境界,使人愉悦并有康复身心之效果。有的还有音乐疗法作用。

11、军事界朋友的看法:军事训练引用气功锻炼法可以提高战士的体质、反应能力、培养坚强意志、激发人体各方面的潜能。

12、佛教界朋友的看法:佛教经典中没有气功之说。但佛教界有人认为静坐来源于佛教的禅修;特异功能是我们佛教最早发现并被开发利用的,尽管有人认为有些迷信色彩。

13、道教界朋友的看法:道学家认为静坐来源于道教的静坐功夫,社会流行最早、最广的周天功就是来源于道家的内丹术中的一种;肢体运动来源于道家的导引术。著作颇多。

14、魔术、杂技界朋友的看法:过去走江湖卖艺利用气功表演,有魔术、有杂技,也有硬气功表演,处处有气功,用气功来招揽顾客。

15、史学和考古学界朋友的看法:许多历史文献、文物都有气功、导引、按跷、吐纳等记载。历史悠久,而且由于中国考古科学的发展,气功的起源已经不是2000年左右,而应该是5000年以上了。有了人类就有了气功导引(但愿考古学与地质考古学家们提出的‘中华文明史不是五千年,而是诞生在六千多年以前’的科研成果早日得到世界公认。那么,气功导引起源与发展历史又可以提前到六千多年前了。因为气功导引来源于人类生活)⑴。

16、外交界朋友的看法:他们说,气功在某些地方某些特定的时间可以是一种外交内容或者交际工具,并已经收到许多国家喜欢并引进了气功。

17、中国书法、绘画界朋友的看法:认为中国传统绘画、书法等离不开气功丹田之气、丹田之力、一起呵成和‘气功构思’等。

18、中国特殊专业朋友对气功的认识:气功诱发特异现象可以协助研究‘寻找矿源’、可以用来研究‘特异侦查’、‘特异功能破译’、‘破案’(国外有的国家在研究)。

19、国际朋友的看法:

⑴ 气功就是呼吸运动,如法国、德国、日本等国

⑵ 气功就是中国古代的体操,如俄罗斯、欧洲、美国等

⑶ 气功就是中国的中医导引术,如日本、欧洲

⑷ 气功是中国一种神秘科学(指内气、外气、特异功能等)俄罗斯、美国等。

⑸ 气功就是一种新的宗教,如日本、俄罗斯、美国、印尼等。

20、一些养生朋友们对气功的看法:气功导引从古代到现代都是中国独有的养生方法。

21、一些佛学界朋友们对气功的看法:佛教经典中没有气功之说,以静坐为主的练气法证不到佛。但坐禅者必全身气脉通后才有资格求证“明心见性”。

一些道学界中的修炼者必先在自身练出“先天的”神和气,成为载道之器后,才有资格踏上修炼“真人”之路,以证道果。一般的练气功者无从谈起。

所以,有位气功实验研究者认为:

[特别注明]气功和佛道的理论和功夫不同。当代几乎所有的气功书都将佛、道两家的功夫纳入气功之列,这不是科学的归纳法。

22、心理学者认为:气功属于心理学范畴,它的操作方法就是心理学中的治疗技术,尤其是三调中的‘调心’(调神)是纯粹的心理学内容。

23、古代“祝由科”是不是气功?学者认为,不是气功,但有些操作方法与气功相同。有的学者经过多年研究著书立说,例如安徽大学物理系张立鸿教授从20世纪30年代就开始研究中国古代祝由科,他认为气功与祝由科有密切的关系,“灵子术是我国古代很重要的气功养生术,是世界气功源头之一。”⑵ 也就是说祝由科没有用气功的名称,譬如,古代的祝由科中有‘灵子术’。而现代流行的‘自发功’、‘气动功’、‘鹤翔庄’等就是来源于古代的灵子术。

24、催眠医师对气功的认识。他们认为“古代催眠术、暗示术、现代催眠术,都与灵子术(气功)有关”,这是灵子术西传的结果⑶。

25、气功与生活也有关系吗?有的学者认为气功与百姓生活息息相关,生活处处有气功。这是因为人体生命的象征就是呼吸、心跳、思维活动。改变一下呼吸形式,如呼吸停顿、逆呼吸、闭息等,或换一种思维方法如意守丹田、默念字句等,这就是气功导引(动作导引、呼吸道因、意念导引)。又比如,我们在做一些体力劳动的时候如搬一件物体,依据物体大小需要一次或多次‘逆呼吸法’来完成;生活中与人发生激烈矛盾而争吵,人们在劝解时要吵架的双方‘消消气’、‘吐一口气’、‘精神放松’;再比如,人们在江、河、湖、海里游泳‘蚱蜢子’(潜泳)要闭住呼吸;工作累了,‘静坐养神’……这些都是老百姓常用的‘生活中的气功’,所以气功并不神秘,也不复杂。

26、气功与‘性生活’关系的认识。从古到今的养生学者们认为气功与性生活太密切了,在远古我们的祖先就清楚地认识到性爱和房事是关系到生、老、病、死以及繁衍子孙的大事。从先秦诸子、马王堆遗书、养生方、黄帝内经、葛洪论房中、孙思邈房中补益等,古书记载颇多,数不胜数。由于‘性生活’属于隐私,不便公开说出来,所以常常用一些隐语或隐喻。如果说敢于公开描写‘性生活’的故事就是《金瓶梅》了。书中已经有“房中术”记载。有的学者认为气功与性养生非常密切,不需多叙。

27、气功管理者的认识。发扬传统精品,剔除糟粕,反对邪教,科学研究,全民普及。

28、最后,就是‘巫医、神汉’是不是气功?多数学者朋友认为不是气功。但是,当代一些研究者们有的认为:气功在历史的长河发展演变过程之中也掺杂了‘巫医、神汉’内容,或者说也吸收了其精华部分,例如‘灵子术’就是其中之一。也有的学者认为,现代所谓的气功大师也利用了‘气功技术’和迷信文化而神化了自己并为他(她们)们赚钱,这是漫长的五千多年气功导引发展演变历史所造成的‘历史文化痕迹的再现’。


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article------>{"id":285,"cid":2,"subCid":"","title":"气功百家争——从‘猫眼洞看气功’","shortTitle":"0","tagId":"","attr":"","articleView":null,"source":"网络","author":"admin","description":"","img":"","content":"<p>半个世纪以来,中国出现了一个以中医保健、养生的‘气功热潮’。这个热潮从1956年起,到2006年止,50年的‘气功热’曾让人们欣喜、着迷、发狂;也引来一批科技人员去研究、探索;气功也曾发生让人们忧虑、担心的事。当然,也让一些人对气功不屑一顾,或嗤之以鼻。</p><p>不妨把本人50年中接触到的各界人士(各界人的一部分)中,特别在闲谈聊天中他们所流露出对气功的看法、认识以及他们对气功的态度作一个简要回顾,用一两句话概括出他们所要表达的意思。也很有趣儿。所谓各界人士并不是大部分,而且是站在各自的角度去看气功。所以,用‘从猫眼洞看气功’并无贬低之意,与“瞎子摸象”有所不同。又因为‘猫眼’可以放大所看到的物体。而且,他们中的一些人已经从气功中找到了自己所需要的珍贵的东西了,有的还有了科研成果,并引起国际界的一些科技界人士们关注。</p><p>各位朋友,听听他们的声音,也许会有所悟 :</p><p>1、中医界的朋友们认为:气功是中医的精华部分,古代称之为导引,历史悠久,历代著述颇多,诸如《黄帝内经》、……无可争辩。气功就是中医的一部分。但是,中医界不喜欢气功这个名词儿,总想把气功词仍然换成导引、吐纳或者按跷,这样符合“中医身份”。</p><p>2、现代医学界(所谓西医)朋友们的看法:他们认为气功就是一种体育疗法,修炼呼吸的,是呼吸运动,练肢体活动的是形体运动,现代称其为‘医疗体育’没有什么特别的地方,也不神秘。复杂而难懂的是‘气功理论’。</p><p>3、当代临床医学界的朋友们认为:气功能保健、医疗的就是气功疗法,如同针灸疗法、推拿疗法、拔罐疗法等一样,属于民间疗法,属于理疗范畴,简便有效,没有什么神秘。</p><p>4、体育界朋友们的看法:气功、导引、吐纳、按跷,从古至今就是我们体育锻炼方法,人们喜闻乐见,古书记载很多,从马王堆出土文物可见一斑,也无可争辩。</p><p>5、武术界朋友们的看法:气功是武术的灵魂;武术是气功的外形。内练一口气,外练筋骨皮。没有气功锻炼内容难以练出高功夫、高境界。</p><p>6、科技界朋友们的看法:(分三条勉强,应归一条)</p><p>⑴ 人体科学界朋友的看法:气功是打开人体科学的一把钥匙,或敲门砖。</p><p>⑵ 边缘科学界朋友的看法:中国气功有研究价值,至少可以打开一个新的科研思路。</p><p>⑶ 特异功能研究朋友的看法:可以打开对人体潜能的重新认识和研究。</p><p>7、文化界朋友们的看法:气功属于传统文化的一部分,特别是中医药文化中针灸、推拿、气功等非药物疗法的精华部分,武侠小说写作灵感来源之一,没有气功描写难有小说作品的气势,没有气功描写也就没有蹿房越脊、飞檐走壁、钻天入地、空中飞来飞去等等,就是电影里的飞檐走壁也是靠所谓‘气功功夫’完成的。</p><p>8、表演艺术界朋友们的看法:好的歌唱家要靠丹田气拖腔,声音悠长、浑厚、悦耳。</p><p>9、舞蹈界朋友的看法:进入气功态,人体、舞蹈、境界进入状态后和二而一,舞蹈更美丽。有人称灵子术就是‘另类的艺术表演’(现在人称其为‘自发功’)</p><p>10、音乐界朋友的看法:气功与音乐结合是音乐疗法,无论演奏者、听者都会进入音乐境界,使人愉悦并有康复身心之效果。有的还有音乐疗法作用。</p><p>11、军事界朋友的看法:军事训练引用气功锻炼法可以提高战士的体质、反应能力、培养坚强意志、激发人体各方面的潜能。</p><p>12、佛教界朋友的看法:佛教经典中没有气功之说。但佛教界有人认为静坐来源于佛教的禅修;特异功能是我们佛教最早发现并被开发利用的,尽管有人认为有些迷信色彩。</p><p>13、道教界朋友的看法:道学家认为静坐来源于道教的静坐功夫,社会流行最早、最广的周天功就是来源于道家的内丹术中的一种;肢体运动来源于道家的导引术。著作颇多。</p><p>14、魔术、杂技界朋友的看法:过去走江湖卖艺利用气功表演,有魔术、有杂技,也有硬气功表演,处处有气功,用气功来招揽顾客。</p><p>15、史学和考古学界朋友的看法:许多历史文献、文物都有气功、导引、按跷、吐纳等记载。历史悠久,而且由于中国考古科学的发展,气功的起源已经不是2000年左右,而应该是5000年以上了。有了人类就有了气功导引(但愿考古学与地质考古学家们提出的‘中华文明史不是五千年,而是诞生在六千多年以前’的科研成果早日得到世界公认。那么,气功导引起源与发展历史又可以提前到六千多年前了。因为气功导引来源于人类生活)⑴。</p><p>16、外交界朋友的看法:他们说,气功在某些地方某些特定的时间可以是一种外交内容或者交际工具,并已经收到许多国家喜欢并引进了气功。</p><p>17、中国书法、绘画界朋友的看法:认为中国传统绘画、书法等离不开气功丹田之气、丹田之力、一起呵成和‘气功构思’等。</p><p>18、中国特殊专业朋友对气功的认识:气功诱发特异现象可以协助研究‘寻找矿源’、可以用来研究‘特异侦查’、‘特异功能破译’、‘破案’(国外有的国家在研究)。</p><p>19、国际朋友的看法:</p><p>⑴ 气功就是呼吸运动,如法国、德国、日本等国</p><p>⑵ 气功就是中国古代的体操,如俄罗斯、欧洲、美国等</p><p>⑶ 气功就是中国的中医导引术,如日本、欧洲</p><p>⑷ 气功是中国一种神秘科学(指内气、外气、特异功能等)俄罗斯、美国等。</p><p>⑸ 气功就是一种新的宗教,如日本、俄罗斯、美国、印尼等。</p><p>20、一些养生朋友们对气功的看法:气功导引从古代到现代都是中国独有的养生方法。</p><p>21、一些佛学界朋友们对气功的看法:佛教经典中没有气功之说,以静坐为主的练气法证不到佛。但坐禅者必全身气脉通后才有资格求证“明心见性”。</p><p>一些道学界中的修炼者必先在自身练出“先天的”神和气,成为载道之器后,才有资格踏上修炼“真人”之路,以证道果。一般的练气功者无从谈起。</p><p>所以,有位气功实验研究者认为:</p><p>[特别注明]气功和佛道的理论和功夫不同。当代几乎所有的气功书都将佛、道两家的功夫纳入气功之列,这不是科学的归纳法。</p><p>22、心理学者认为:气功属于心理学范畴,它的操作方法就是心理学中的治疗技术,尤其是三调中的‘调心’(调神)是纯粹的心理学内容。</p><p>23、古代“祝由科”是不是气功?学者认为,不是气功,但有些操作方法与气功相同。有的学者经过多年研究著书立说,例如安徽大学物理系张立鸿教授从20世纪30年代就开始研究中国古代祝由科,他认为气功与祝由科有密切的关系,“灵子术是我国古代很重要的气功养生术,是世界气功源头之一。”⑵ \n也就是说祝由科没有用气功的名称,譬如,古代的祝由科中有‘灵子术’。而现代流行的‘自发功’、‘气动功’、‘鹤翔庄’等就是来源于古代的灵子术。</p><p>24、催眠医师对气功的认识。他们认为“古代催眠术、暗示术、现代催眠术,都与灵子术(气功)有关”,这是灵子术西传的结果⑶。</p><p>25、气功与生活也有关系吗?有的学者认为气功与百姓生活息息相关,生活处处有气功。这是因为人体生命的象征就是呼吸、心跳、思维活动。改变一下呼吸形式,如呼吸停顿、逆呼吸、闭息等,或换一种思维方法如意守丹田、默念字句等,这就是气功导引(动作导引、呼吸道因、意念导引)。又比如,我们在做一些体力劳动的时候如搬一件物体,依据物体大小需要一次或多次‘逆呼吸法’来完成;生活中与人发生激烈矛盾而争吵,人们在劝解时要吵架的双方‘消消气’、‘吐一口气’、‘精神放松’;再比如,人们在江、河、湖、海里游泳‘蚱蜢子’(潜泳)要闭住呼吸;工作累了,‘静坐养神’……这些都是老百姓常用的‘生活中的气功’,所以气功并不神秘,也不复杂。</p><p>26、气功与‘性生活’关系的认识。从古到今的养生学者们认为气功与性生活太密切了,在远古我们的祖先就清楚地认识到性爱和房事是关系到生、老、病、死以及繁衍子孙的大事。从先秦诸子、马王堆遗书、养生方、黄帝内经、葛洪论房中、孙思邈房中补益等,古书记载颇多,数不胜数。由于‘性生活’属于隐私,不便公开说出来,所以常常用一些隐语或隐喻。如果说敢于公开描写‘性生活’的故事就是《金瓶梅》了。书中已经有“房中术”记载。有的学者认为气功与性养生非常密切,不需多叙。</p><p>27、气功管理者的认识。发扬传统精品,剔除糟粕,反对邪教,科学研究,全民普及。</p><p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n</p><p>28、最后,就是‘巫医、神汉’是不是气功?多数学者朋友认为不是气功。但是,当代一些研究者们有的认为:气功在历史的长河发展演变过程之中也掺杂了‘巫医、神汉’内容,或者说也吸收了其精华部分,例如‘灵子术’就是其中之一。也有的学者认为,现代所谓的气功大师也利用了‘气功技术’和迷信文化而神化了自己并为他(她们)们赚钱,这是漫长的五千多年气功导引发展演变历史所造成的‘历史文化痕迹的再现’。</p><p><br></p>","status":0,"pv":2258,"link":"1","createdAt":"2019-03-11T02:56:34.000Z","updatedAt":"2024-12-21T04:40:26.000Z","field":{},"tags":[]}

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